Quorum Sensing vs Quorum Quenching: A Battle with No End in Sight

Microbial relationships with all life forms can be as free living, symbiotic or pathogenic. Human beings harbor 10 times more microbial cells than their own. Bacteria are found on the skin surface, in the gut and other body parts. Bacteria causing diseases are the most worrisome. Most of the infectious diseases are caused by bacterial pathogens with an ability to form biofilm. Bacteria within the biofilm are up to 1000 times more resistant to antibiotics. This has taken a more serious turn with the evolution of multiple drug resistant bacteria. Health Departments are making efforts to reduce high mortality and morbidity in man caused by them. Bacterial Quorum sensing (QS), a cell density dependent phenomenon is responsible for a wide range of expressions such as pathogenesis, biofilm formation, competence, sporulation, nitrogen fixation, etc. Majority of these organisms that are important for medical, agriculture, aquaculture, water treatment and remediation, archaeological departments are: Aeromonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Clostridia, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Yersinia spp. Biosensors and models have been developed to detect QS systems. Strategies for inhibiting QS system through natural and synthetic compounds have been presented here. The biotechnological applications of QS inhibitors (QSIs) in diverse areas have also been dealt with. Although QSIs do not affect growth and are less likely to impose selective pressure on bacteria, however, a few reports have raised doubts on the fate of QSIs. This book addresses a few questions. Will bacteria develop mechanisms to evade QSIs? Are we watching yet another defeat at the hands of bacteria? Or will we be acting intelligently and survive the onslaughts of this Never Ending battle?

Dr. Vipin Chandra Kalia is presently working as Chief Scientist, Microbial Biotechnology and Genomics, CSIR- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology. He is a Professor, AcSIR who obtained his M.Sc. and Ph.D. Genetics, from Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. He has been elected as: (i) Fellow of Association of Microbiologists of India (FAMI), and (ii) Fellow of National Academy of Sciences (FNASc). His main areas of Research are Microbial Biodiversity, Bioenergy, Biopolymers, Genomics and Microbial Evolution; Quorum sensing, Quorum quenching, Drug Discovery and Antimicrobials. He has published 65 papers in Scientific journals such as (i) Nature Biotechnology, (ii) Biotechnology Advances, (iii) Trends in Biotechnology, (iv) Critical Reviews in Microbiology, (v) Bio resource Technology, (vi) PLoS ONE, (vii) BMC Genomics. His works have been cited 1600 times with an h index: 22; i10 index: 35. He is presently the Editor in Chief of Indian Journal of Microbiology and Editor of (i) J Microbiol & Biotechnol(Korea), (ii). Appl. Biochem. & Biotechnology (USA), (iii) International Scholarly Res. Network Renewable Energy, (iv). Dataset Papers in Microbiol. Life member of Scientific Societies: (i) Society of Biological Chemists of India (ii) Society for Plant Biochem. & Biotechnol. (India); (iii) Association of Microbiologist of India; (iv) Indian Science Congress Association; (v) BioEnergy Society of India, (vi) Biotech Res. Soc. of India. (BRSI); Member: American Society of Microbiology. He can be contacted at: vckalia@igib.res.in; vc_kalia@yahoo.co.in